Stefanovski Laboratory

WinSAAM is a Windows version of original interactive biological modeling program, CONSAAM, developed in 1980 at NIH. Supporting almost all the features of CONSAAM, WinSAAM additionally brings to the user features of Windows thereby enhancing the productivity of the application environment. For example WinSAAM supports a new graphics system which permits extreme flexibility in terms of configuring plots and exporting plots directly from the plot window to your word processing or graphic refinement environment. Similarly, a new spreadsheet output facility allows the results from WinSAAM data processing to be exported directly to Excel or other spreadsheet systems, or to your favorite statistical tool in readiness for further data processing and analysis.

WinSAAM was designed primarily at the National Institute of Health by Dr Ray Boston of the School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

For Further Information

Darko Stefanovski, Peter J. Moate and Raymond C. Boston, WinSAAM: a windows-based compartmental modeling system, Metabolism, Volume 52, Issue 9, September 2003, Pages 1153-1166.

Stefanovski’s lab research focuses on the development and application of mathematical models to better understand nutrient metabolism, particularly in the context of glucose and free fatty acid kinetics. His work includes novel modeling approaches to estimate insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness, and glucose absorption using data from oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs). Additionally, he has developed models to assess hepatic glucokinase activity and the interplay between glucose and free fatty acid metabolism, providing insights into hepatic glucose effectiveness and type 2 diabetes. These models are designed to be both physiologically relevant and practical for clinical and research applications, extending the utility of standard metabolic tests.

Selected Publications

• Stefanovski D, Smiley DD, Punjabi NM, Umpierrez GE, Vellanki P. Estimation of Glucose Absorption, Insulin Sensitivity, and Glucose Effectiveness From the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2025;110:e1108–e1115. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae308
• Stefanovski D, Punjabi NM, Boston RC, Watanabe RM. Insulin Action, Glucose Homeostasis and Free Fatty Acid Metabolism: Insights From a Novel Model. Front Endocrinol. 2021;12:625701. doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.625701
• Stefanovski D, Youn JH, Rees M, Watanabe RM, Ader M, Ionut V, Jackson AU, Boehnke M, Collins FS, Bergman RN. Estimating Hepatic Glucokinase Activity Using a Simple Model of Lactate Kinetics. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(5):1015–1020. doi:10.2337/dc11-1540
• Boston RC, Stefanovski D, Moate PJ, Sumner AE, Watanabe RM, Bergman RN. MINMOD Millennium: a computer program to calculate glucose effectiveness and insulin sensitivity from the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2003;5(6):1003-15.